You enter a number in any base and the tool converts it to a decimal integer using the positional value of each digit, then re-expresses that integer in the remaining bases. The arithmetic section parses two binary strings into decimal, performs addition or subtraction, and converts the result back to binary.
Digital circuits operate with two voltage states (on/off), which map naturally to binary digits 0 and 1. Every piece of data a computer processes is ultimately stored and manipulated in binary.
Hexadecimal is a compact way to represent binary data — each hex digit maps to exactly 4 binary bits. It is commonly used for memory addresses, color codes, and byte-level debugging.
The arithmetic section shows negative results with a minus sign when subtracting a larger number from a smaller one. The base converter handles non-negative integers only.
This tool uses JavaScript's standard number type, which can represent integers exactly up to 2^53 − 1 (about 9 quadrillion). For larger values, try the Big Number calculator.
Estimate only. Results reflect your inputs and standard formulas. Double-check important decisions independently.